Process Management Mechanisms in Early Systems

                    In my last blog, we have briefly discuss Process Management. In this blog, we will briefly discuss the Process Management Mechanism in Early System.

So we will discuss two types of Mechanism.

• Manual Loading Mechanism
• Batch Processing Mechanism

1) Manual Loading Mechanism:

Manual Loading

                  In manual loading mechanism, a computer operator was needed to manually loaded the processes/jobs one after another in a computer.

2) Batch Processing Mechanism:

Batch Processing

                  In batch processing mechanism,  a batch of processing was submitted together to the computer and job-to-job transition was done automatically by the Operating System.

 Job Control Language (JCL):

Use of Job control statements in Batch Processing

                 Job Control Language had a control statements which were used to facilitate job loading and unloading.

What is a Job?

             A  small program in execution which is called Job. We have two types of Job.

• Central Processing Unit (CPU) Bound Job
• Input/Output (I/O) Bound Job

1) CPU Bound: These Jobs are mostly perform computations with little I/O operations.
                e.g: Scientific and Engineering computations usually fall in this category.

2) I/O Bound: These Jobs are mostly perform Input/Output operations with little computations.
                e.g: Commercial data processing applications usually fall in this category.



What is Multi-programming?